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高盛合伙人警告：华尔街普及 AI 或削弱金融从业者思考能力_我的网站

一 |     WASHINGTON -- An African American combat medic who was wounded while landing on Omaha Beach during the D-Day invasion but went on to tend to dozens of troops will be posthumously honored Wednesday in a ceremony at Arlington National Cemetery. His family and supporters continue to push for an even higher recognition they believe his heroism is owed.Cpl. Waverly B. Woodson Jr. was a 21-year-old Army medic assigned to the only African American combat unit to land in Normandy on June 6, 1944. His landing craft took heavy fire and he was wounded before even getting to the beach, but for the next 30 hours he treated 200 wounded men while under intense small arms and artillery fire before collapsing from his injuries and blood loss, according to accounts of his service.Woodson, who was born in Philadelphia and lived in Maryland with his wife, died in 2005. He spoke to The Associated Press in 1994 about his harrowing journey.“The tide brought us in, and that’s when the 88s hit us,” he said of the German 88mm guns. “They were murder. Of our 26 Navy personnel there was only one left. They raked the whole top of the ship and killed all the crew. Then they started with the mortar shells.”He survived and was awarded the Bronze Star, but by the time the award was finalized he was in Hawaii preparing for the invasion of Japan so there was little in the way of ceremony. And he was never awarded a Combat Medic Badge, which denotes that a medic has been in combat. To rectify that wrong, his former unit applied for Woodson to receive the badge and it was approved in August.His widow, Joann, and his son, Steve, will be presented with both honors during the ceremony at Arlington, where Woodson is buried.“He truly was a hero on Omaha Beach," said Capt. Kevin Braafladt, the historian for First Army. Woodson's unit, the 320th Barrage Balloon Battalion, was part of First Army during the invasion of Nazi-occupied France. The battalion was responsible for setting up explosive-rigged balloons to deter enemy planes.At a time when the U.S. military was still segregated by race, about 2,000 African American troops are believed to have taken part in the invasion. The balloon battalion was the only African American combat unit.Woodson's supporters have been pushing for years to see him awarded the Medal of Honor for his exploits during the invasion that was key to turning the tide in the war. Although 1.2 million Black Americans served in the military during World War II, none was among the original recipients of the Medal of Honor awarded in the conflict. The Army commissioned a study in the early 1990s to analyze whether Black troops had been unjustly overlooked during an era of widespread racism and segregation in the military. Ultimately, seven Black World War II troops were awarded the Medal of Honor in 1997.At the time, Woodson's case was part of the study and the authors interviewed him. But, they wrote, his decoration case file couldn't be found and his personnel records destroyed in a 1973 fire at a military records facility. Braafladt said the U.S. military made a conscious effort to reduce paperwork after the war, and that the fire at a military records facility in Missouri also destroyed countless documents.His supporters aren't giving up. First Army and Braafladt have been on a mission to document Woodson's actions on D-Day in hopes of getting the Medal of Honor for him. Braafladt is convinced — “100%” — that Woodson was recommended at the time of the war for the Medal of Honor.One of the pieces of information pointing to that conclusion is a memo talking about how Woodson had been recommended for the Distinguished Service Cross but a top general decided the recommendation should be for the Medal of Honor instead.Braafladt first heard about Woodson's case around 2020 and has been obsessively searching for documents that will help make Woodson's case. He has not yet found the Medal of Honor recommendation letter, but along the way he has found documents he thinks buttress the case. Just last week he received the text describing Woodson's Bronze Star citation.“I’m one document away from getting an answer here and righting a wrong.” he said.U.S. Sen. Chris Van Hollen, a Democrat from Maryland, where Woodson's widow now lives, has also been pushing since 2015 to have Woodson honored with the Medal of Honor, and has introduced legislation to that effect in Congress.Woodson's son said in a telephone interview that his father rarely talked about World War II until late in his life and then only in bits and pieces. The family would like to see him honored with the Medal of Honor not only to shine a spotlight on his heroism but to highlight the efforts of Woodson's unit and all Black troops. Steve Woodson said he'd be disappointed if his father does not get the Medal of Honor, but he's also grateful for all the recognition and honors that have come so far. “If he gets it, that’s fabulous. If he doesn’t, we will just continue to put his legacy forward,” he said.。

二 |      8 月 25 日消息，高盛负责一项旗舰人工智能项目的合伙人警告称，AI 在华尔街的快速普及可能削弱下一代金融从业者的思考能力。“这里存在一个巨大的风险：在 AI 时代，我们把推理能力外包给这些模型，最终出现认知能力萎缩，以至于我们自己都无法再从第一性原理出发进行思考。”负责高盛机构客户数字平台 Marquee 的 Chris Churchman 表示。据 CNBC 获得的采访文字稿，Churchman 是在高盛最新一期《Exchanges》播客中发表上述言论的。Churchman 表示，就像现代科技的出现让人们逐渐失去了导航和记忆能力一样，如果算法承担了所有繁重的分析工作，银行家也可能逐渐丧失分析能力。

三 | “推理仍然很重要，”他说，“你仍然需要对问题进行思考，并把它组织成一个完整的论证，而现在我们正在把推理能力交给 AI。”注意到，华尔街正推动将 AI 深度融入交易和银行业务的各个环节，而这可能是一种“魔鬼交易”：短期来看，AI 能够提高整个行业的盈利能力，但从长远来看，却可能侵蚀行业赖以发展的专业人才基础。随着 AI 接管越来越多过去由初级银行家和交易员完成的日常工作，这些年轻员工原本可以通过这些工作学习如何思考和做出决策。

四 | 如今，如果这些训练机会被 AI 取代，金融机构可能会牺牲一种将初级员工培养成经验丰富的华尔街人才的职业文化。这甚至可能从一开始就降低金融机构对初级银行家的需求。CNBC 去年曾报道，华尔街金融机构正在研究如何利用 AI 降低初级银行家与资深员工之间的人员比例。Churchman 表示，银行需要在使用 AI 和保护华尔街传统的“师徒式”培养体系之间找到平衡。Churchman 此前曾负责瑞银（UBS）的外汇交易业务，并于 2021 年加入高盛。“你需要通过实践学习，而大量知识其实是隐性的，从来没有被写下来。

五 | Churchman 表示，高盛需要“确保我们不会丢失目前一些最优秀人才所掌握的那些隐性知识和直觉性知识，同时确保下一代人也能够掌握这些能力”。例如，初级交易员可以在经验丰富的交易员监督下处理客户的报价请求，并通过这一过程学习如何进行交易判断。“我们当然完全可以把这件事自动化，”他说，“但这样一来，我们还能培养出真正理解这些业务的资深交易员吗？”Churchman 表示，在涉及高风险和高度不确定性的决策时，系统必须确保员工仍然掌握最终决策权，而不是让他们沦为被动操作 AI 系统的人。Churchman 同时担任高盛全球银行与市场业务 AI 工作组的联合主席。他表示，即便是高盛这样全球顶尖的投资银行之一，目前也还没有“想清楚”该如何管理这场已经开始的转型。在这次播客采访中，Churchman 还分享了高盛将 AI 引入 Marquee 平台的经验。Marquee 面向对冲基金和其他机构客户，用于访问高盛的市场数据、研究报告、风险分析以及交易执行服务。Churchman 表示，目前 Marquee 的 AI 平台还仅向高盛内部员工开放。从技术角度来看，最大的挑战是确保 AI 给出的答案 100% 准确，并且能够接受审计。他指出，面向消费者的 AI 聊天机器人通常会提醒用户答案可能存在错误，但在高端金融领域，对错误的容忍度非常低。Churchman 透露，在开发面向客户的 AI 平台时，该软件甚至给出了一个令人意外的自我评价。“当我们不断施压、对它进行严格测试时，至少它是诚实的。”Churchman 说，“它就像是在说：‘听着，到最后，我更擅长让自己听起来很全面，而不是真的做到全面。

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Published on:01:28:06